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Mortgage forbearance and eviction extensions run through September 2021

Mortgage forbearance and eviction extensions run through September 2021

In addition to its vast human toll, the pandemic has ravaged the financial resources of millions of US homeowners. Since the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act passed last year, more than 9 million Americans hit pause on making monthly mortgage payments, entering what's technically referred to as a "forbearance." 

But there are hundreds of thousands of additional homeowners who may qualify for relief. A 2020 Urban Institute survey found that approximately 530,000 delinquent homeowners had not requested forbearance relief -- despite being eligible. 

Why? A National Housing Resource Center survey from last year suggested that homeowners may have feared having to make a significant lump-sum payment at the end of forbearance -- it's actually just one of many options -- or simply not known about the program. Others may have had difficulty connecting with their loan servicer. 

The CARES Act's homeowner protections were set to expire at the end of June 2021. But the US Federal Housing Administration has announced revisions to measures for struggling homeowners. Highlights include:

• An end to the foreclosure moratorium on single-family foreclosures on July 31
• A moratorium on single-family eviction extended from July 31 to Sept. 30, 2021
• An extension of the deadline to request mortgage forbearance from June 30 to Sept. 30, 2021
• The extension of a program to help homeowners reduce monthly mortgage payments by 25% or more

Whether you've already resumed making mortgage payments, are still in forbearance or are in danger of defaulting on your loan, there are new protections for homeowners like you. Read on to learn everything you need to know about mortgage forbearance and the new extensions. 

What is forbearance protection?

Entering into forbearance allows you to hit pause on making your monthly mortgage payment. The missed payments go into a separate loan bucket if you have a federally backed loan or move to the end of your mortgage with Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. In both cases, forbearance has a 0% interest rate, no fees and is repayable when you refinance, sell or when the mortgage term ends. A few other important things to know:

• Accepting forbearance assistance won't hurt your credit score. If your account is current when you enter forbearance, your loan servicer cannot report a pause in payments as "delinquent" to the credit reporting agencies. If you're behind on your mortgage when you enter forbearance, your loan servicer cannot report your account as more delinquent while your forbearance period is active. You can find additional information about this from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. 
• You will not be required to repay your missed payments in a lump sum. 
• Legal proceedings like foreclosure are suspended.

The US Department of Housing and Urban Development offers resources to help you navigate the process. "HUD has a website to help you find a housing counselor near you for people who need that resource individually," said Alanna McCargo, a HUD Senior Advisor for Housing Finance. "If they don't feel like they have enough information, a local housing counselor will work with them and the servicer to get them into the right space."

What are my options?

On June 25, the US Federal Housing Administration announced forbearance relief options. If you're struggling to pay your mortgage, here's an updated overview of what you can do.

Request forbearance

The new guidelines have extended the deadline for first-time COVID-19 forbearance requests. Homeowners who have not previously been in forbearance can now request assistance until Sept. 30, 2021. The table below summarizes your options based on the forbearance period start date. (If you aren't sure who owns your loan, you can look it up using the Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems website.)

FHA COVID-19 forbearance periods (updated June 25, 2021)

Initial forbearance date	First forbearance period	Second forbearance period	Third forbearance period	Maximum forbearance period
March 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020	Up to 6 months	Up to 6 months	Up to 6 months (in 3-month increments)	Up to 18 months
July 1, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020	Up to 6 months	Up to 6 months	Up to 3 months	Up to 15 months
Oct. 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Up to 6 months	Up to 6 months	None	Up to 12 months
July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021	Up to 6 months	None	None	Up to 6 months

Extend existing forbearance

Depending on your loan servicer and how long you've been in forbearance, you may qualify for an extension to help you get back on your feet. The table above lists your choices, and if you don't see an option that works for your situation, McCargo urges homeowners to reach out to HUD or a housing counselor.

"The nature of the pandemic, because it's impacted people in so many different ways, has streamlined opportunities for people that are delinquent on their FHA mortgages," she said. "This administration has been really focused on making sure that we can do everything in our power to keep people in their homes, especially since people have a lot of home equity and, therefore, their wealth tied up in property. It's their livelihoods, and so it's really important to try to do what we can to work with folks." 

Request a reduced monthly mortgage payment amount

If you are ready to exit forbearance but your monthly payment is still too high, modifying your loan term could help you find an affordable solution.

For FHA loans, the COVID-19 Advance Loan Modification (aka COVID-19 ALM) program is available to reduce monthly mortgage principal and interest payments by up to 25%. ALM requires loan servicers to review eligible borrowers' accounts within 30 days of the expiration of the forbearance period. Better still, you aren't required to contact your servicer to begin this process, but you will need to sign a modification offer from them to officially change your mortgage terms. You can find more details about COVID-19 ALM process here. 

If Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac services your loan, there are also ways to lower your monthly payment. "Since every lender and servicer is different, the best way to find out what options exist is to reach out to your bank and ask," said Brandon Howland, a loan officer at 1st Security Bank in Everett, Washington. "For clients in forbearance who are looking to refinance, I advise them to start making on-time payments as soon as possible if that is their goal." 

For clients who don't qualify for loan refinancing, Howland recommends loan deferral. "[The bank] essentially takes the delinquent amount and moves it to a second mortgage lump sum and attaches it to the original mortgage," he said. "It would bring the loan current, and then when the client sells or refinances, they would just have to add this amount to be paid, just like if it was a cash-out refinance to pay off a car loan, for example."

New changes to foreclosure and eviction protections for homeowners 

In addition to extending forbearance provisions, the Biden administration extended the moratoriums on foreclosures and evictions to July 31, 2021. Mortgages covered under the extended protections included:

• All FHA-insured single-family mortgages and home equity conversion (reverse) mortgages. Vacant or abandoned properties do not qualify. 
• Multifamily FHA mortgages that have been current on payments as of Feb. 1, 2020
• All Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac-owned single-family mortgages 
• FHA, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac-owned real estate owned properties acquired by private mortgage lenders through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure transactions.
• USDA Multifamily Housing Communities

On July 30, the FHA acknowledged an end to the foreclosure moratorium, but extended the eviction moratorium to Sept. 30, 2021. Under federal law, a servicer cannot foreclose your home unless your mortgage is more than 120 days past due. There can be exceptions depending on your forbearance terms or if you enrolled in a "loss mitigation program." Although the rules vary by state, a servicer usually must notify a borrower before they begin foreclosure proceedings.

If you're facing foreclosure or eviction, contact your housing counselor to help you work with your loan servicer. You can also contact the CFPB, which can help you find an affordable or no-cost attorney in your area. 

What happens when my forbearance period ends? 

At least 30 days before your final forbearance period ends, your loan servicer will contact you to discuss next steps. If you have additional forbearance periods available, you will need to reach out to your servicer to request an extension. If you have exhausted your forbearance options, your servicer will help you choose an exit strategy. 

Note: Don't forget to request everything in writing to make sure you understand the new terms of your mortgage. You may also want to review the agreement with your housing counselor or attorney.

What are my repayment options? 

Your options for exiting forbearance depend on the type of mortgage you have and your financial stability. Options across all loan types are below.

Option for Exiting Covid-19 Forbearance

Option	Situation	How it works
Repayment plan	You can afford to pay more than your regular mortgage amount.	A portion of the forbearance amount you owe is paid monthly with your mortgage.
Deferral	You can pay your regular monthly mortgage amount but can't afford to increase it.	The unpaid forbearance amount is moved to the end of your loan and repaid when you refinance, sell or the mortgage term ends.
Partial claim	You can pay your regular monthly mortgage amount but can't afford to increase it.	This will either move your missed payments to the end of your loan or put them into an interest-free second mortgage called a COVID-19 Standalone Partial Claim, repayable only when you refinance, sell or the mortgage term ends.
Modification	You can't afford to pay your regular monthly mortgage amount.	Your mortgage and missed payments are combined and reduced to an affordable monthly amount. Lower payments mean it will take longer to pay off your loan.
Lump-sum reinstatement	You want to pay back all of your missed payments at once.	Most loan servicers can't require you to make a lump-sum payment, but it's an option if you choose to do so.

Special provisions for federally backed loans

Note that the FHA, USDA and the Department of Veterans Affairs do not require a lump sum repayment when forbearance ends. In addition, homeowners with VA loans may qualify for further COVID-19 assistance as the Biden administration conducts ongoing evaluations of veterans' vulnerability. Here's a partial list of loan service agencies that may provide more information:

If your loan isn't backed by a federal agency, call your servicer directly to learn about your options. Be sure to ask about loan terms, fees and interest rates -- and, as always, request written copies to review before signing a new mortgage agreement or modification.

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Twitter Expands Fact-Checking Project Birdwatch in the US

Twitter Expands Fact-Checking Project Birdwatch in the US

Twitter said Thursday it's expanding a pilot project that allows users to add context to misleading tweets.

As part of a project known as Birdwatch, users can add "notes" to tweets that contain false information. Twitter said a "small (and randomized)" group of users in the US will see these notes on tweets and be able to rate if they're helpful. About 10,000 people have contributed to the pilot, which was launched more than a year ago, the company said.

The expansion of the project is an example of how social networks are experimenting with ways to combat the spread of misinformation, a long-standing problem that's become a bigger concern after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. From fake profiles to misleading videos, social networks have struggled to stop a flood of lies before they go viral.

While the idea of crowdsourcing isn't new, it's not entirely clear how well Twitter's Birdwatch program has been working. Poynter, which analyzed more than 2,600 notes from Birdwatch and reviewed 8,200 ratings, said in February 2021 it found that less than half of Birdwatch users cited a source and many of the notes included partisan rhetoric. Twitter said Wednesday that the "vast majority" of notes that appear on tweets cite sources. In November, Twitter started allowing users to add notes without providing their name. Twitter said the anonymity is meant to help protect people from harassment and could potentially reduce polarization. The move, though, also makes it tougher to vet a source.

Twitter's Birdwatch program is still small and most users don't see these notes. The Washington Post reported this week that Birdwatch contributors were flagging about 43 tweets per day in 2022 before Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Birdwatch also isn't available in Russia or Ukraine.

Keith Coleman, vice president of product at Twitter, said during a virtual press conference Wednesday there are a lot of challenges that come with building Birdwatch.

"As we're expanding, we want to know that the product is really working and is really helpful," he said.

Twitter users can rate if a Birdwatch note is helpful.

Twitter

The company surveyed Twitter users in the US and found that they were 20% to 40% less likely to agree with the substance of a potentially misleading tweet after reading a note about it. Coleman didn't say how many people were surveyed or when this study was conducted. CNET asked Twitter for a copy of the survey, but the company declined to share it publicly. Twitter has also worked with The Associated Press and Reuters to rate the accuracy of the notes. Most were accurate, Coleman said.

Twitter wants people who have different points of view to contribute to Birdwatch, Coleman said. The company doesn't look at a Birdwatch user's political affiliation, gender or location but instead how they've rated notes in the past. 

"If you have a note that's been rated helpful by two people who historically have always disagreed with each other, it's probably a good sign that that note is actually helpful to people from different points of view and could be worth showing," he said.

CNET wasn't invited to the press conference but viewed a recording of the call after learning about the event. 

Twitter users are able to see what tweets are being fact checked on Birdwatch. Some recent examples of notes rated helpful include one that debunked a claim that US Vice President Kamala Harris told a kindergarten class that "Russia decided to invade a smaller country called Ukraine so basically that's wrong." The March 2 note cites an article from Media Matters, a left-leaning nonprofit and watchdog group, that points out that Harris was asked to explain Russia's invasion of Ukraine in "layman's terms" on the podcast The Morning Hustle.

Another note rated as helpful appeared below a video with 12 million views that describes a woman at an ice cream stand as a "real-life hero" because she appears to have prevented a girl from getting kidnapped. "This video is most likely scripted or setup. Similar video exists with same people," the note from March 1 said, citing Reddit. The note and replies to the tweet didn't appear to stop people from sharing it. As of Wednesday, the questionable video had been retweeted more than 84,000 times and quote tweeted more than 11,600 times. The quote tweets indicate that users still believe the video is legitimate. 

"Our focus right at this phase is note quality — that notes are helpful to people, inform understanding, and accurate. As we scale and it becomes visible to more people, we believe it has the potential to impact virality, and this is something we'll be measuring," Coleman said in an e-mail after the press call. 

Twitter users aren't alerted at the moment if a tweet has a note but Coleman said as the pilot expands it would "make sense to look at extensions like this, to help people evaluate what they're reading and sharing."

Allegations of bias in fact-checking has been an issue that social networks have grappled with as they try to combat more misinformation. Last week, Russia said it's partly restricting access to Facebook after the social network refused to stop fact-checking and labeling content posted on Facebook by four Russian state-owned media organizations. Russia's telecommunications regulator, Roskomnadzor, alleges Facebook violated "fundamental human rights" by restricting the country's state-controlled media. Twitter said Saturday in a tweet it's also being restricted in Russia. 

Facebook pays third-party fact-checkers such as PolitiFact, Reuters and The Associated Press to flag misinformation on its site. The company started a project in 2019 so "community reviewers" who are contractors can help fact-checkers spot misinformation faster. Content flagged as false is shown lower on the Feed, filtered out of an Instagram page that curates content, and is featured less prominently in Feed and Stories where users post content that vanishes in 24 hours. If you try to share a fact-checked post, Facebook shows you a notice that says there's false information in the post.

Outside of Birdwatch, Twitter has taken other steps to help curb the spread of false claims, including adding more labels to misinformation, Russian state-media links and automated accounts.

While there are people who share false claims intentionally, others might share misinformation because they simply don't know it's true.

Yoel Roth, head of site integrity at Twitter, said Russia's invasion of Ukraine has made it more apparent how important Twitter's work in combating misinformation is.

"We're acutely aware of the role that we play in society and the value that public real-time conversation has," he said.

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MacBook Pro 16-inch: Bye-bye butterfly keyboard

MacBook Pro 16-inch: Bye-bye butterfly keyboard

You can finally get a MacBook with a totally redesigned keyboard -- but it's going to cost you at least $2,399 (£2,399, AU$3,799). The longstanding rumors about Apple's newest jumbo laptop were nearly all true. The newest 16-inch MacBook Pro, unveiled Wednesday, finally ditches the flat "butterfly" keyboard that has vexed Apple laptops for the better part of half a decade, replacing it with a back-to-the-future design modeled on the more traditional keyboards used by iMacs for the past several years. "As we started to investigate specifically what pro users most wanted, a lot of times they would say, 'I want something like this Magic Keyboard, I love that keyboard,'" Apple's Phil Schiller said in a conversation with CNET.

The new model fits a 16-inch screen into a body that's barely bigger than the previous 15.4-inch models. Apple is also throwing in a bevy of spec bumps -- better graphics, bigger battery, more storage, better microphones and speakers -- and charging no more for the bigger, better Pro than the 15-inch model that it replaces in the line. 

But even with that long list of upgrades, the thing I'm most interested in is the keyboard -- and I bet you are, too. I've only gotten to use the 16-inch MacBook Pro for less than a day, but here are my early thoughts. 

Read more: Apple's Phil Schiller on reinventing the new MacBook Pro keyboard

A familiar Magic Keyboard

MacBooks used to be the pinnacle of laptop engineering: cool unibody designs, great battery life, great keyboards and useful extras like the late, great MagSafe power connector. But that smooth sailing hit choppy weather when Apple introduced its butterfly keyboards starting with the 12-inch MacBook in 2015. The butterfly mechanism -- so named for the dual-hinged mechanism under each key -- replaced the more traditional single-hinged scissor switch design. The butterfly design offered a flatter profile for the keys, which allowed Apple to lean in to its ultrathin design aesthetic. 

But many found the redesigned keyboard offered a less pleasurable typing experience because the flat keys barely moved when depressed. Despite the less-than-enthusiastic reception, Apple extended the butterfly keyboard to the full MacBook line -- even as it developed a reputation for being unreliable, with ongoing reports of sticky or nonworking keys. The problems were widespread enough that Apple had to initiate an extended replacement program for the entire line, and iterative modifications to the butterfly design never seemed to fully ameliorate the complaints. 

But that's all over with the new 16-inch MacBook Pro. The new laptop incorporates what Apple is calling the Magic Keyboard, adapted from the namesake Magic Keyboards that have come with iMacs for years. Like those older models, it's a more traditional -- and, presumably, more reliable -- scissor switch design. Compared to the recent butterfly models, the 16-incher's keys are definitely quieter, feel more natural, and have a more generous 1mm of "travel" -- so when you depress the key, you actually feel it move. It's not a total throwback to the pre-butterfly MacBook Pros, though -- my 2015 13-inch MacBook Pro at home has smaller keys with even more travel, but those now feel more pillowy to my fingers. Think of the new MacBook Pro keyboard as a happy medium between the two.

The key caps on the new MacBook Pro's keyboard can be removed and replaced, and it seems like the keyboard could be more easily serviced. But with only a day using the new keyboard, it's hard to tell how it will do over time. Apple's 15-inch MacBook Pro was just updated earlier this year with a butterfly keyboard that Apple claimed was more durable. This new keyboard is an abrupt change, and a clear response to those earlier problems.

Note: An Escape key!

Sarah Tew/CNET

And while the new 16-incher keeps the Touch Bar, that mini touchscreen across the top of the keyboard that replaces the function key row, there's an Escape key at the top left now, in addition to the Touch ID sensor on the right. Apple still seems to think the Touch Bar is an essential part of the Pro experience, but I continue to find it confusing. That's mostly because the touch controls make me want to touch the screen, and the lack of tactile feedback makes it hard to tap brightness or volume controls while working. But the bar is smaller now. Maybe it will keep shrinking.

In addition to that escape key, traditionalists will also appreciate that the arrow keys on the keyboard's lower right have reverted to the classic "inverted T" design, which is much easier to navigate by feel. 

The key layout will be familiar if you've used an iMac recently.

Sarah Tew/CNET

Thicker and heavier, but wow, those speakers

The 16-inch Pro feels roughly the same size as the older 15-inch model, but it's actually a tiny bit beefier, at 4.3 pounds (2 kg) and 0.64 inch thick -- that's 0.28 pounds heavier and 0.03 inches thicker than the 15-inch models. Apple claims its brightness hits 500 nits like the previous 15-incher, with DCI-P3 wide color gamut and a 3,072x1,920-pixel resolution (up from 2,880x1,800 on the 15). The bezels are smaller around the edges. It looks great.

The laptop's also heavier because there's more battery (100 watt-hour), with a promise of an 11-hour battery life. That gives you an hour more of battery charge in everyday use than the older 15-inch model provided.

The keyboard is inset to accommodate a six-speaker array on the edges that sounds excellent, well above anything I've heard on a recent laptop. It's enough for hosting a party, practically. A new three-microphone setup promises audio recording to rival a Blue Yeti microphone, should you choose to record directly from the MacBook Pro, though I can't imagine real podcasters or YouTubers forgoing a discrete microphone.

Goodbye, 15-inch MacBook Pro; hello, new graphics

The new 16-inch MacBook Pro replaces the 15-inch Pro that was just updated earlier this year, and starts at the same $2,399 price. And while the keyboard is a welcome retro feature, Apple didn't restore old favorites like USB-A ports or an SD card slot. There are still just four Thunderbolt 3 USB-C ports -- one of which doubles as a power jack at any given time -- plus a headphone jack. The 16-inch also uses ninth-gen Intel processors like the 15-inch did, and starts with the same six-core Core i7 processor.

The graphics are better, though, moving to AMD Radeon Pro 5300M or 5500M chips (instead of the Radeon Pro 555X in the 15-inch model). This is the first laptop to use AMD's new graphics card. We're curious about performance, so stay tuned for tests and benchmarks.

The base-model 16-inch Pro starts with 512GB of storage, up from 256GB, and Apple has configurations ramping up to a crazy 8TB solid-state drive (empty your bank account) and 64GB of RAM (16GB comes standard).

Full specs

• Silver or space gray
• 16-inch, 3,072x1,920-pixel display
  
• 2.6GHz six-core Intel Core i7 or 2.3GHz Intel Core i9 (up to an eight-core Core i9)
  
• 16GB DDR4 RAM (up to 64GB)
  
• AMD Radeon Pro 5300M or 5500M, 4GB GDDR6 memory (up to 8GB)
  
• 512GB SSD (up to 8TB)
  
• Four Thunderbolt 3 USB-C ports
• 100 watt-hour battery
  
• $2,399 starting price

Will that keyboard show up anywhere else next?

But back to that keyboard. I'm fascinated -- and relieved -- that Apple has moved away from the butterfly and back to a scissor mechanism. The entry ticket to this keyboard, however, is $2,399. Will Apple introduce this keyboard into other MacBooks, too, and when will it happen? I have no idea, and Apple wouldn't disclose any concrete plans. But for the time being, Apple's best laptop keyboard will be held captive inside its fanciest Pro model.

How powerful is it?

Stay tuned for testing, where we'll learn a lot more. Right now, this looks like an overdue upgrade to Apple's larger-sized Pro laptop, but maybe not in all the ways everyone was hoping for.

Originally published earlier today.
Update, 11:57 a.m. PT: Clarifies that the new MacBook's keys are wider than pre-butterfly keys, and quieter too.

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Make your WhatsApp messages disappear by default

Make your WhatsApp messages disappear by default

WhatsApp is adding more options to control your disappearing messages, the popular app announced Monday. You can now turn on disappearing messages by default for all new chats, and you can choose how long you have until the messages fade. 

Brett Pearce/CNET

When you enable the feature, every one-on-one chat that you or someone else starts will be set to disappear after your chosen amount of time: 24 hours, seven days or 90 days. The app is also adding the option to turn on disappearing messages when you create a group chat. 

The feature is optional and doesn't alter or delete any of your existing chats, according to WhatsApp, which is owned by Facebook's parent company Meta. But when you have disappearing messages turned on, WhatsApp will display a message in your chats that tells people this is the default option you've picked. 

Here's how you can turn on disappearing messages by default for all new individual chats.

Whether you're using WhatsApp on an iPhone or Android, turning on default disappearing messages seems to take just a few steps. According to WhatsApp's help page about disappearing messages, after you open the app and go to Settings (it's located in the bottom right corner of the screen), tap Account, then Privacy and finally Default message timer. From there you can turn on disappearing messages and select how long you would like to wait until messages fade. 

WhatsApp stresses you should only use disappearing messages with trusted individuals. Although the app makes your messages vanish after a set amount of time, it's possible the person you're chatting with can forward, copy, save or take a screenshot of the message before it disappears. 

WhatsApp introduced disappearing messages in November 2020. The feature originally worked for individual chats only, and the duration of time before the message disappeared was seven days. Earlier this year, WhatsApp added View Once, a feature that causes videos and pictures to vanish from a chat after they've been opened. 

For more, check out how to declutter Facebook messenger without deleting chats and how to transfer your Facebook photos and posts to other platforms. If you want to delete more than your chat history, take a look at how to permanently delete your Facebook account and how to disappear from the internet for good. 

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Unlocked Samsung Galaxy S22 Phones Are Up to $270 Off During Amazon's Android Days Event

Unlocked Samsung Galaxy S22 Phones Are Up to $270 Off During Amazon's Android Days Event

If you're an Android user in the market for a new phone, Samsung's latest lineup of Galaxy S22 phones should be at the top of your list. With three different models available, there's a phone for every need and budget, and right now, you can pick one up for less. As a part of its ongoing Android Days sale, Amazon is offering deals on unlocked models of all three Galaxy S22 phones. Today is the final day of the sale, so be sure to get your order in by tonight if you're hoping to take advantage of these discounts.

The most affordable of the three phones in this lineup is the base model S22. It's also the smallest of the three, with a 6.1-inch AMOLED display. It's equipped with 8GB of RAM and 128GB of storage on the entry-level model, as well as a cutting-edge Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 processor -- the same chip used in all three models. It also features an impressive 50-megapixel camera that can capture video in stunning 8K resolution. The Galaxy S22 is currently on sale for $650, $150 off the usual price.

The main difference between the standard Galaxy S22 and the step-up S22 Plus is the size. The S22 Plus features a slightly larger 6.6-inch AMOLED display, though it has the same resolution as the S22 screen. The internal hardware between the two models is fairly identical, except that the S22 Plus also has a slightly larger 4,500-mAh battery for a few extra hours of life on a single charge. The S22 Plus is on sale starting at just $750, $250 off the usual price. 

The S22 Ultra, the most advanced of the three, features a few more substantial differences. It's the largest S22 model with a 6.8-inch display, and an upgraded 5,000-mAh battery. It also comes with an S Pen stylus, which is stored right in the phone's body, for taking notes and editing photos on the fly. The entry-level Ultra with 128GB of storage has just 8GB of RAM, but models with more storage bump that up to 12GB of speedy performance. Prices for the S22 Ultra start at $930, which is $270 off the usual price. 

You can read more about the differences between the S22 models here. And if you're in the market for a new Android, but don't want to spend the money to get the latest and greatest, there is also a selection of refurbished Samsung Galaxy and Note phones available for hundreds less. 

Read more: Samsung Galaxy S22 vs. Plus vs. Ultra

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Does Your Next Phone Really Need 5G? How to Decide

Does Your Next Phone Really Need 5G? How to Decide

5G  was once synonymous with premium prices, but it's become the norm in most new phones -- even those that cost less than $300 in some cases. 

But you might be wondering whether 5G is a necessary in a new a phone. Maybe you're getting a great deal on a refurbished device from a couple of years ago that doesn't support 5G. Perhaps you're eyeballing the iPhone 11, one of the cheapest phones Apple currently sells at $500 but that can't connect to 5G. 

For US shoppers, the answer largely depends on what carrier you have, how much you're willing to spend and how long you're planning to hold onto your next phone. Since 5G is available in just about every new phone at no additional cost, there are few reasons not to buy a 5G-enabled phone. 

Combine that with the fact that carriers are building out their midband networks -- which offer faster speeds than low-band 5G offerings as well as broader coverage than the fastest millimeter-wave networks -- and the argument for buying a 5G phone is even stronger.

Read more: Not All 5G Is the Same: We Explain the Different Names and Flavors

At the same time, it's important to remember that 5G speeds and coverage will vary depending on your carrier. And 4G phones will continue to function for years to come. 

"They're not turning off those 4G networks anytime soon," said Avi Greengart, president and lead analyst for research and advisory firm Techsponential. "Your phone will be dead before you need to worry about it."

Understanding 5G

Figuring out whether you need 5G in your next phone starts with understanding the current state of 5G. All three major network providers in the US offer 5G, and there are three main flavors to be aware of. 

There's low-band 5G, which is available broadly but provides similar speeds as 4G LTE, and millimeter-wave 5G, the super fast version that only operates at a short range. You likely won't notice the difference between 4G and 5G when you're on a low-band network. But millimeter-wave networks are so scarce you probably won't find yourself near one on a regular basis unless you frequent busy venues like stadiums, arenas or airports. Even then, the coverage is often only in select locations. 

The happy medium between both of these networks is midband 5G, which provides faster speeds than 4G but can also cover much larger distances than millimeter wave. AT&T, Verizon and T-Mobile are all at different phases of their midband deployment, with T-Mobile currently taking the lead. The carrier said in February that its Ultra Capacity network, which is mostly composed of midband spectrum acquired from Sprint, reached 210 million people by the end of 2021. T-Mobile expects to reach 300 million people with its midband network, Ultra Capacity 5G, by the end of 2023.

Verizon, on the other hand, is aiming to cover 175 million people with its Ultra Wideband network, which uses millimeter wave and its midband spectrum, in 2022. AT&T plans to cover 200 million people with its own midband network by the end of the year.

Read more: Apple Needs Another Affordable 5G iPhone

T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T 5G

	Faster 5G Network Reach	Time frame
T-Mobile	210 million people	2021
Verizon	175 million people	2022
AT&T	200 million people	2022

All these technologies can work together to provide better coverage, speed and performance than 4G LTE. 

"So we're not just talking about cities, but a lot of the country where people live is covered by T-Mobile 5G," said Greengart. "And so you're going to want to buy a 5G phone both for coverage reasons and for speed." 

How much are you willing to spend?

The iPhone 11 from 2019 is one of Apple's cheapest iPhones, but it doesn't support 5G. 

Angela Lang/CNET

The biggest factor in determining whether you should buy a 5G phone is how much you're willing to spend. If you have less than $200 to spend on a new device, it might be difficult to find a worthwhile 5G phone. 

If your budget allows for spending more than $400, there are several compelling 5G options like the $429 iPhone SE and $450 Galaxy A53 5G. The $450 Google Pixel 6A, which recently launched on July 28, also supports 5G. That's a significant departure compared to when the Samsung Galaxy S10 5G launched roughly three years ago for a sky high price of $1,300.

Cheaper phones may not support all flavors of 5G, namely the fastest millimeter-wave networks, but that shouldn't be a dealbreaker for most people shopping today. With its benefits in speed and range, the three major networks have prioritized midband 5G deployments over the past year. As long as your new phone supports midband 5G, you should be able to connect to faster speeds in more places. 

It's important to consider what matters most to you in a phone and how long you're planning to hold onto a device. If you'd rather have a larger screen, a more contemporary design, dual cameras and are planning to upgrade your phone again in two years, the 4G-enabled $500 iPhone 11 might be a better choice than the $429 5G-capable iPhone SE. 

But if you're looking for a phone that can get you through the next three years or so, it's probably best to look for a 5G device. Most Android phones in the $400-$500 range have 5G and modern features like multi-lens cameras and large screens.

The situation is different for Apple fans. The only 5G-enabled option under $600 is the 2022 iPhone SE, which has Apple's latest smartphone chip but lacks other staples like a big screen and multiple cameras. That might change this fall when the rumored iPhone 14 launches and Apple drops the iPhone 12 and 12 Mini's price accordingly.

Bob O'Donnell, president and chief analyst for Technalysis Research, says 5G will likely feel more essential in early 2024. By then, carriers will have had more time to build out their midband networks. 

"You will get faster speeds," said O'Donnell. "Hopefully by then we'll see some additional services and apps that take advantage of 5G."

The bottom line

Sarah Tew/CNET

To decide whether you need 5G in your next phone, consider how much you're willing to spend, how long you plan to hold onto your phone before upgrading and what type of coverage your carrier provides. 

Investing in a new 5G phone is generally the best move if you can afford it since it ensures that your device will feel fast and relevant for years to come. But if your budget is limited, or the 5G phones available to you right now don't fit your needs, you won't be missing out on too much by opting for 4G instead.

"As a purely functional phone, you can't go wrong with a good LTE phone," said O'Donnell. 

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What are Nvidia G-Sync and AMD FreeSync and which do I need?

What are Nvidia G-Sync and AMD FreeSync and which do I need?

There are many ways to compensate for the disconnect between screen updates and gameplay frame rate, ranging from the brute force method of simply capping your game's frame rate to match your monitor's refresh rate to the more intelligent realm of variable refresh rate. VRR enables the two to sync to prevent artifacts like tearing (where it looks like parts of different screens are mixed together) and stutter (where the screen updates at perceptibly irregular intervals). These efforts range from basic in-game frame rate control to pricey hardware-based implementations like Nvidia G-Sync Ultimate and AMD FreeSync Premium.

Which do you want?

When picking a monitor, which VRR system to look for comes down to which graphics card you own -- especially now when you can't really buy a new GPU -- and which games you play, plus the monitor specs and choices available. G-Sync and G-Sync Ultimate and FreeSync Premium and Pro are mutually exclusive; you'll rarely (if ever) see variations of the same monitor with options for both. In other words, every other decision you make pretty much determines which VRR scheme you get.

Basic VRR

Basic VRR enables games to use their own methods of syncing the two rates, which on the PC frequently means the game just caps the frame rate it will allow. One step up from that is generic adaptive refresh rate, which uses extended system-level technologies to vary the screen update rate based on the frame rate coming out of the game. This can deliver a better result than plain VRR as long as your frame rates aren't all over the place within a short span of time.

G-Sync Compatible and FreeSync

In the bottom tier of Nvidia and AMD's VRR technologies you'll find improved versions of adaptive refresh, branded G-Sync Compatible and FreeSync. They use the GPU's hardware to improve VRR performance, but they're hardware technologies that are common to both Nvidia and AMD GPUs, which means you can use either supported by the monitor, provided one manufacturer's graphics card driver allows you to enable it for the other manufacturer's cards. Unlike FreeSync, though, G-Sync Compatible implies Nvidia has tested the monitor for an "approved" level of artifact reduction.

G-Sync and FreeSync Premium

The first serious levels of hardware-based adaptive refresh are G-Sync and FreeSync Premium. They both require manufacturer-specific hardware in the monitor that works in conjunction with their respective GPUs in order to apply more advanced algorithms, such as low-frame rate compensation (AMD) or variable overdrive (Nvidia) for better results with less performance overhead. They also have base thresholds for monitor specs that meet appropriate criteria. G-Sync still only works over a DisplayPort connection for monitors because it uses DisplayPort's Adaptive Sync, however, which is frustrating because it does work over HDMI for some TVs.

At CES 2022, Nvidia launched its next-generation 1440p G-sync Esports standard with Reflex Latency Analyzer (Nvidia's technology for minimizing lag of the combined keyboard, mouse and display)  and a 25-inch mode that can simulate that size display on a larger monitor. Normalizing high-quality 1440p 27-inch displays for esports is a great step up from 1080p and 25 inches. The initial monitors which will be supporting it (the ViewSonic Elite XG271QG, AOC Agon Pro AG274QGM, MSI MEG 271Q, all with a 300Hz refresh rate, and the Asus ROG Swift 360Hz PG27AQN) haven't shipped yet.

(Mini rant: This name scheme would make a monitor "G-Sync Compatible-compatible," so you'll see the base capability referred to as a "G-Sync Compatible monitor." That's seriously misleading, because that means you're frequently called on to distinguish between uppercase and lowercase: G-Sync Compatible is not the same as G-Sync-compatible.)

G-Sync Ultimate and FreeSync Premium Pro

At the top of the VRR food chain are G-Sync Ultimate and FreeSync Premium Pro. They both require a complete ecosystem of support -- game and monitor in addition to the GPU -- and primarily add HDR optimization in addition to further VRR-based compensation algorithms.

The hardware-based options tend to add to the price of a monitor, and whether or not you need or want them really depends upon the games you play -- if your games don't support these technologies it's kind of pointless to pay extra for them -- how sensitive you are to artifacts and how bad the disconnect is between your display and the gameplay. 

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Lenovo ideapad 100s review a budget laptop with great webcam lenovo ideapad 100s review a budget laptop with windows lenovo ideapad 100s review a budget laptop with microsoft lenovo ideapad 100s review anime lenovo ideapad 100s 14 laptop review lenovo ideapad 100s memory upgrade lenovo ideapad 100s specs lenovo ideapad 100s specifications lenovo ideapad gaming 3 lenovo ideapad 5 lenovo ideapad s145 lenovo ideapad 1

Lenovo Ideapad 100S review: A budget laptop with great battery life

Lenovo Ideapad 100S review: A budget laptop with great battery life

There was a time, not too many years ago, when $999 was considered the cutoff price for a budget laptop. How times, and expectations, have changed. Today, along with $50 Amazon Fire tablets and sub-$200 smartphones, it's possible to get a reasonably functional PC experience for much less than you might think.

The latest example of this new low-cost computer trend is the Lenovo Ideapad 100S, an 11-inch clamshell laptop that sells for $199 in the US (£179 in the UK, AU$299 in Australia). It's among the most refined of the ultra-budget PCs, but it's not the first. Note that as of December 2015, Lenovo is selling the system online for a discounted price of $179 in the US.

Sarah Tew/CNET

The $200-and-less (using US prices) computer has been growing category since mid-2014, anchored by products such as the $200 HP Stream 11 laptop and the Intel Compute Stick, a tiny desktop PC that can be found for as little as $119. All run Windows 10 and Intel Atom or Celeron processors, and are intended primarily for web surfing and cloud apps (note the very small amount of onboard storage, ranging from 8GB to 32GB).

The advantage is, unlike a similarly priced Chromebook (a simple laptop running Google's Chrome OS, which is essentially the Chrome web browser and little else), you can install and run regular Windows software, such as photo editing programs or alternate web browsers, as long as they'll fit on the tiny hard drives. You won't be doing pro-level photo editing or playing PC games, but at these prices, there's virtually no good reason to go for a Chrome OS system instead if you only have $200 to spend.

Sarah Tew/CNET

With a colorful chassis (our model was bright red) that doesn't feel too flimsy, and a typically excellent Lenovo keyboard design, this could easily be the clear winner in the ultra-budget category, if not for one issue. The touchpad here is not a simple clickpad-style model, as seen in the HP Stream 11 and nearly every other laptop available today. Instead, it's an older design with separate left and right mouse buttons. But more importantly, the older touchpad design does not currently support common gestures such as two-finger scrolling. For someone who does a lot of long-form reading online, that can be a deal breaker, but you'll have to judge for yourself if the excellent keyboard makes up for it.

Lenovo Ideapad 100S

Price as reviewed	$199
Display size/resolution	11.6-inch 1,366 x 768 screen
PC CPU	1.33GHz Intel Atom Z3735F
PC Memory	2048MB DDR3 SDRAM 1333MHz
Graphics	32MB (dedicated) Intel HD Graphics
Storage	32GB SSD
Networking	802.11ac wireless, Bluetooth 4.0
Operating system	Microsoft Windows 10 Home (32-bit)

Design and features

The challenge of any ultra-budget laptop is to look and feel like it costs just a little more than it actually does. No one is expecting a unibody aluminum chassis or sleek edge-to-edge glass over the display -- but a flimsy hinge, a lid that bends and flexes when you move it, or a creaky body that feels like it won't stand up to even modest handling isn't worth it at any price.

Lenovo avoids those missteps by building the 100S into a body that's a little larger and thicker than some other 11-inch laptops, giving the system some protective bulk. The sturdy hinges also fold back a full 180 degrees to lie flat, so you get a lot of useful viewing angles. The matte red outer color, which covers the back of the lid and the bottom panel, is fingerprint-resistant, and the darker red color also looks more upscale than the glossy black plastic on so many budget laptops.

Sarah Tew/CNET

Inside, the keyboard keeps the same basic design as most other Lenovo laptops, with widely spaced island-style keys that curve out just a bit at the bottom on each key, giving you a little more usable surface to hit. It's miles beyond the keyboard on HP's Stream 11, for example.

The touchpad, however, is the single biggest stumbling block for the 100S. The pad loses valuable surface area by breaking its left and right mouse click functions out into separate physical buttons. It's a style of touchpad you rarely see any more, and for good reason. The pad here is also not set up for multitouch gestures. That's important to note, as the standard two-finger scroll won't work, nor will tapping two fingers on the pad for a right-click action. It makes the system harder to use when scrolling down long Web pages, and it's a deficiency to seriously consider before buying.

Sarah Tew/CNET

You also can't expect much from the screen on an ultra-budget laptop, although the basic 1,366x768 display here is fine for the price. It has a pleasing matte finish that keeps glare to a minimum, but it's also confined to limited viewing angles compared to the IPS (in-plane switching) displays on more expensive laptops, which means that the image gets washed out quickly when you view the screen from side angles.

Ports and connections

Video	HDMI
Audio	Combo headphone/microphone jack
Data	2 USB 2.0,  microSD card reader
Networking	802.11n Wi-Fi, Bluetooth
Optical drive	None

Connections, performance and battery

While the thicker chassis could fit in more, you're limited to a budget-feeling pair of USB 2.0 ports, an HDMI output and a micro-SD card slot. Faster USB 3.0 and a full-size SD card slot would be have been handy, but a reach considering the price. One of the USB ports will most likely be used for an external mouse to make up for the hard-to-use touchpad.

Sarah Tew/CNET

The only option offered right now is the chassis color, in white, red, blue and silver. All models include the same Intel Atom Z3735 CPU, 2GB of RAM and 32GB of solid-state storage, which matches up with other ultra-budget PCs.

In benchmark testing with other low-cost Intel Atom and Celeron systems, the Lenovo 100S hung around the middle of the pack. To get a significant boost in performance, you'd have to look towards something like the Surface 3, the Atom-powered entry level version of Microsoft's Surface line, which uses a faster Atom processor and more RAM, but also costs more than twice as much, even without adding a keyboard cover. In hands-on testing, the 100S ran well when used for casual websurfing and online tasks, but it's important to keep a few best practices in mind -- especially that Microsoft's own browsers, Edge and Internet Explorer, tend to run much smoother on low-power Windows laptops.

Sarah Tew/CNET

Battery life was a pleasant surprise in the Lenovo 100S. The system ran for 11:17 on our offline video playback battery drain test, which is near MacBook territory, and for 9:57 in an online streaming playback test. The HP Stream 11 ran for 7:58 in the offline test, and the Surface 3 for 7:41. The advantage in all these cases is that Intel's lower-performance CPUs are almost always very efficient at sipping battery power, so these systems tend to run for a long time on a single charge.

Conclusion

Spending less than $200 on a laptop is a surprisingly viable option right now, and for those who mainly use Gmail, Facebook, Netflix and Amazon (or your own list of mail, social media, streaming video and online shopping tools), a laptop with an Intel Atom processor, low-res screen and paltry 32GB of storage may very well be all you need.

Of the current ultra-budget options, the overall design and build quality of the Lenovo Ideapad 100S is my favorite, but the dated, non-gesture-supporting touchpad can be a deal breaker if you plan to scroll through long online articles or Facebook feeds. If the next generation of 100S swaps in a modern touchpad, it would get my highest budget-laptop recommendation. As it is, my generally very positive impressions come with a large asterisk.

Multimedia Multitasking test 3.0

Acer Aspire Switch 10 Special Edition 1191 Microsoft Surface 3 1220 Lenovo Ideapad 100S 2182 Asus Transformer Book Flip TP200 2881 HP Stream 11 3742

Note: Shorter bars indicate better performance (in seconds)

Apple iTunes encoding test

Microsoft Surface 3 300 HP Stream 11 342 Asus Transformer Book Flip TP200 346 Lenovo Ideapad 100S 428 Acer Aspire Switch 10 Special Edition 450

Note: Shorter bars indicate better performance (in seconds)

Video playback battery drain test

Lenovo Ideapad 100S 677 Asus Transformer Book Flip TP200 546 HP Stream 11 478 Microsoft Surface 3 461 Acer Aspire Switch 10 Special Edition 442

Note: Longer bars indicate better performance (in minutes)

System Configurations

Lenovo Ideapad 100S	Microsoft Windows 10 Home (32-bit); 1.3GHz Intel Atom Z3735F; 2GB DDR3 SDRAM 1333MHz; 32MB (dedicated) Intel HD Graphics; 32GB SSD
Acer Aspire Switch 10 Special Edition	Microsoft Windows 10 Home (32-bit); 1.3GHz Intel Atom Z3735F; 2GB DDR3 SDRAM 1333MHz; 32MB (dedicated) Intel HD Graphics; 64GB SSD
Asus Transformer Book Flip TP200	Microsoft Windows 10 Home (64-bit); 1.6GHz Intel Celeron N3050; 4GB DDR3 SDRAM 1600MHz; 144MB (dedicated) Intel HD Graphics; 64GB SSD
HP Stream 11	Microsoft Windows 10 Home (64-bit); 2.16GHz Intel Celeron N2840; 2GB DDR3 SDRAM 1333MHz; 64MB (dedicated) Intel HD Graphics; 32GB SSD
Microsoft Surface 3	Microsoft Windows 10 Home (64-bit); 1.6GHz Intel Atom Z8700; 4GB DDR3 SDRAM 1600MHz; 32MB (dedicated) Intel HD Graphics; 128GB SSD

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Amazon's new Ring camera is actually a flying drone -- for inside your home

Amazon's new Ring camera is actually a flying drone -- for inside your home

Update, Sept. 28, 2021: Amazon hosted an event today to show off the latest editions to its growing lineup of devices as well as updates on its services. You can read a recap on our event coverage page. Original story follows.    

Read more:  Amazon's smart products lead the market even as trust in the company lags

Ring introduced a new product to its growing roster of smart home devices -- the Ring Always Home Cam. Unlike the Amazon company's other security cameras, the Always Home Cam is a flying camera drone that docks when it isn't in use. The Ring Always Home Cam will be available in 2021 for $250. 

Along with this hardware announcement, Ring says you'll be able to turn on end-to-end encryption in the Ring app's Control Center "later this year" in an effort to improve the security of its devices. 

Read more: Amazon's Ring drone camera sets a bad precedent for privacy

A bit of Ring history

Before Ring was Ring, it was a startup called Bot Home Automation. Bot Home's inaugural product, the 2014 Doorbot, was among the first video doorbells on the market. It had a lot of problems, however -- clunky design, limited features and poor performance. Then Bot Home rebranded to Ring, was purchased by Amazon and now sells a growing variety of smart home security and automation devices and related accessories.

Ring has been in the news for its Neighbors program partnership with law enforcement agencies, which allows Ring customers to share their saved video clips. Privacy advocates express concern about how Ring and law enforcement agencies collect and use the information they gather. Ring also has patents for facial recognition technology that would scan through law enforcement databases. 

Security has also been a big topic of conversation, following user data being exposed in December 2018. This prompted Ring to require two-factor authentication and add a privacy and security Control Center in the app where customers can more easily find and make changes to their personal account settings. 

The Always Home Cam and end-to-end encryption

Ring says the Always Home Cam travels on a set path you designate -- it can't be controlled manually -- and you can view the feed live in the Ring app. "The path is entirely determined by the customer ... you actually walk the device around your home and ... train it on that path and can set different waypoints for the camera to fly to," Ring President Leila Rouhi told me over the phone. 

It has HD live streaming and a 5-minute runtime, and takes about an hour to charge. Rouhi said that short runtime was deliberate, to make it a "purpose-driven security camera." 

It can work with the Ring Alarm security kit, so that if activity is detected while your security system is set to away mode, the Always Home Cam is supposed to leave its dock and fly around to see what's happening. 

As far as privacy goes, the Always Home Cam's camera is hidden when it's docked and should only begin to record when it leaves the dock and flies around your house. It's designed to hum so you know when it's flying and recording. The camera is also equipped with "obstacle avoidance technology," so it should avoid things in its path. If it does sense an obstacle in the way of its normal path, the camera will return to its dock and send an alert, letting you know it couldn't complete its pass around your home. 

Ring has also added a video encryption page to its Control Center privacy and security landing page. After end-to-end encryption becomes available later this year, customers should be able to turn on the feature for each individual compatible device. Ring will be providing a list of compatible devices later this year.

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